The Parable of the Slave and the Silent Man – False gods and Powerless Partners
In Surah An-Nahl (16:75–76), Allah presents two powerful parables to expose the absurdity of associating powerless beings with Him. The first compares a slave who owns nothing to a generous man who uses his wealth wisely. The second contrasts a helpless man who cannot benefit anyone with someone who calls to justice and follows a straight path. These parables urge reflection on the nature of true power and guidance.
The Analogy in the Quran
Allah says:
Context of the Parable
These verses were revealed in Makkah, addressing the polytheistic beliefs of the Quraysh. Many of them worshipped idols—lifeless objects that could neither benefit nor harm. Allah uses these analogies to expose how irrational it is to equate powerless creations with the All-Powerful Creator. The parables serve to awaken reason and guide people back to tawheed (the oneness of Allah).
Key Elements of the Analogy
The Powerless Slave vs. the Generous Free Man
The slave "lacks all means"—he cannot own, give, or control anything.
The free man has been granted wealth and gives from it openly and secretly.
This reflects the comparison between idols, which hold no power, and Allah, who gives generously and guides.
The Mute and Helpless Man vs. the One Who Commands Justice
One man is described as "dumb" and a "burden," producing no benefit.
The other calls people to justice and walks a straight path.
This points to the contrast between false deities and true prophets or righteous leaders who guide with justice.
The Question of Equality
Allah asks rhetorically, “Can they be equal?”—a reminder to reflect deeply.
The obvious answer is no: divine power and guidance cannot be compared to idols or false systems.
The Warning in the Parable
By illustrating the uselessness of false gods, Allah warns against associating anything or anyone with Him. Idol worship not only misguides but burdens a person like a mute man who cannot act or speak. Those who follow such paths will remain lost, unable to benefit themselves or others.
Final Thoughts
These twin parables remind us that nothing and no one can compare to Allah in power, wisdom, or generosity. Worshipping idols or following leaders who have no guidance or truth to offer leads only to confusion and loss. Just as a helpless person cannot benefit others, false gods and misguided systems cannot help in this life or the next. In contrast, true guidance comes from Allah and those who call to justice and live by the straight path. These parables call us to recognise the value of divine truth and to turn fully towards it.